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California Propositions: Intro

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Since 1911, California voters have been empowered to create statutory and constitutional law via initiatives, referenda, and recall elections, in addition to the previously existing mechanism for popular voting on initiatives sponsored by the Legislature. This guide points to resources for researching the text, status, legislative history, electoral results, and post-election disposition of such measures.

Types of measures

Before beginning research on California ballot initiatives, you should have a basic understanding of the types of measures and the processes involved. See Background (sub-tab) for an overview of:

  • Legislative Initiatives: pre-1911 initiatives sponsored by the Legislature
  • Direct & Indirect Citizen-Sponsored Initiatives (tab): most commonly referred to as propositions
  • Referenda & Recalls: popular "veto" of legislation and recall of elected officials

Other research tips on California ballot initiatives

Local (non-statewide) initiatives

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